Tunnel Roof Support is an important measure to ensure the stability and safety of the top of the tunnel. The following is a common method that can be used as a reference:
1. Geological exploration: Before carrying out tunnel construction, geological exploration is carried out first to understand the geological conditions through which the tunnel passes. According to the different geological conditions, choose the appropriate Support Arch method.
2. Drilled anchor support: This is a common Support Arch method. By drilling holes at the top of the tunnel and then injecting anchors and curing materials, an anchor support system is formed. The anchors can bear part of the roof load, increasing the strength and stability of the top.
3. Prestressed Tension Anchors: Prestressed tension anchors can be used for Steel Arch Support in more challenging geological conditions. This method uses pre-stressed anchors that apply pre-stress at the anchorage location to improve the bearing capacity of the top slab against geological forces and groundwater pressure.
4. Plastic-coated steel strip support: Plastic-coated steel strip is a relatively simple and economical method of Tunnel Roof Support. Plastic-coated steel strip is laid in the pre-cut groove and fixed on the cave wall to increase the strength and stability of the roof slab.
5. Anti-Blast Mesh Support: When the geological conditions are poor and there is water spraying, anti-blast mesh support can be used. Blowout preventing net can effectively prevent jet and rock debris from entering the tunnel and protect the safety of the roof slab.
6. Tunnel lining: For longer and larger diameter tunnels, tunnel lining is usually carried out. Tunnel lining is mainly composed of reinforced concrete or shotcrete, which has the strength and stability to bear geological forces and roof loads.
It is necessary to determine the most suitable Support Arch programme according to the specific tunnel engineering situation, and to ensure that the operation is carried out in accordance with the relevant norms and standards during the construction process. In addition, geological changes should be closely monitored during tunnel construction, and the support scheme should be adjusted in time to ensure the safety and success of the construction.
